The video explores the dynamic relationship between data and fantasy football, highlighting how the application of AI technologies has revolutionized the experience for fans. Fantasy football has not only heightened interest in professional football but has also transformed into a significant business venture for platforms like ESPN. Mike Greenberg, a well-known ESPN anchor, and Elizabeth O'Brien from IBM discuss the significance of AI in enhancing the fantasy football experience, making vast amounts of data accessible and comprehensible for users.

Elizabeth O'Brien elaborates on the partnership between IBM and ESPN, which aims to optimize the fantasy football platform using AI. Since its collaboration began in 2017, IBM has integrated innovative technologies each year, leveraging AI to simplify and personalize data for fantasy managers. This technological advance allows fans to make informed decisions on player trades, roster adjustments, and game strategies, ultimately changing the way fans engage with football.

Main takeaways from the video:

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Key Vocabularies and Common Phrases:

1. exploded [ɪkˈsploʊdɪd] - (verb) - To increase rapidly in size or number. - Synonyms: (surge, burgeon, proliferate)

Fantasy football has exploded over the years, arguably becoming one of the most popular American pastimes.

2. cottage industry [ˈkɑtɪdʒ ˈɪndəstri] - (noun) - A small, often home-based business or ancillary theme. - Synonyms: (niche market, small-scale business, home industry)

A whole cottage industry has grown up around fantasy football.

3. flabbergasted [ˈflæbərˌgæstɪd] - (adjective) - Greatly surprised or astonished. - Synonyms: (astounded, bewildered, shocked)

I have been flabbergasted at the amount of information that is now available at your fingertips.

4. synthesize [ˈsɪnθəˌsaɪz] - (verb) - To combine various components into a coherent whole. - Synonyms: (integrate, amalgamate, combine)

It's basically, how do you make decisions? How do you synthesize vast amounts of data to make the best possible decision in any industry? Because any business that you're running is going to require information

5. macro [ˈmækroʊ] - (adjective) - Relating to large-scale or overall considerations. - Synonyms: (large-scale, broad, wide-ranging)

It's actually how I have learned about the growth of AI in our country in a much more general macro way.

6. boom or bust [buːm ɔːr bʌst] - (phrase) - A situation of extreme success followed by failure. - Synonyms: (all-or-nothing, win-or-lose, success-or-failure)

You can take someone off the bench, of course, and you want to know if they're likely to boom or bust

7. waiver wire [ˈweɪvər ˈwaɪər] - (noun) - A system that allows fantasy football managers to claim unowned players. - Synonyms: (free agency, player pool, claim list)

You can also pick up players through the waiver wire if there's a player on the waiver.

8. generative ai [ˈdʒɛnərətɪv ˌeɪˈaɪ] - (noun) - A type of AI that is capable of generating content from data. - Synonyms: (creative AI, productive AI, synthetic AI)

We're sort of opening that black box and using generative ai to identify the contributing factors.

9. endless [ˈɛndləs] - (adjective) - Having no limit or end; continuing forever. - Synonyms: (infinite, perpetual, unending)

The amount of information that you can receive from this is endless and extraordinary.

10. prototypes [ˈproʊtəˌtaɪps] - (noun) - Early models or samples used to test a concept or process. - Synonyms: (models, samples, mock-ups)

We use what's called a garage methodology, and we develop prototypes of the solution.

How AI helps you win Fantasy Football with ESPN's Greeny

Fantasy football has exploded over the years, arguably becoming one of the most popular american pastimes. And as any fan knows, fantasy football is all about that data. So today I want to talk about how data and data preparation really make AI fly, how it makes it soar, but especially as it comes to fantasy football. So I'm thrilled to have the perfect folks for the job right here. Legendary ESPN anchor and host of ESPN's Get Up, Mike Greenberg, and senior executive sports and entertainment sponsorship marketing at IBM, Elizabeth O'Brien. Mike and Elizabeth, I'm stoked that you're here today.

Well, thank you for having us. Yes, thank you. Well, let's get into it. Okay. So, Mike, I wanna start off with you and Elizabeth, of course. Jump on in here, please. It feels like fantasy football might be an even bigger deal than football to some folks these days. It's like really woven itself into the fabric of society. So I'm curious about how you think that fantasy football has changed the relationship between fans and football. There are so many more people who are interested in football today because they can have this direct involvement, because they can actually be a part of the game in a real and meaningful way than there would otherwise have been. When we look at the causes for the explosion of popularity of pro football in this country, I would put that right at or near the top.

So I think it's important to say it's also become a business, right. And it's a business that's now a driver of business. Right? So for ESPN and the other fantasy football platforms, it drives consumption. It drives consumption of ESPN shows, it drives consumption of ESPN editorial, and it drives consumption of NFL merch watching on Sunday, all sorts of discussions. A whole cottage industry has grown up around fantasy football. And so for ESPN, it is an important business platform for them, too, because it helps their other existing businesses.

So we've heard some now about why it's important to ESPN. That makes complete sense. How and why is it important to IBM, though? How does IBM get in the mix with all this? Well, we have a partnership with ESPN. So ESPN is a business just like any other business we partner with. And their objective is to make their platform the best it can be, make the best experience for ESPN fantasy football managers. And so we use technology to help them do that. We've been doing that since 2017, and every year we build on top of what we did the previous year.

So it is the first instance of AI in fantasy football. And every year there are developments in AI. And so we bring those developments to the ESPN fantasy platform. I've been lucky enough to be a part of this program with Elizabeth and all of the team at IBM, I think almost since its inception, and I have been flabbergasted. I mean, each year I sit as they go through all of the new technology, all of the new things that can be offered. I remember when we're starting to assess trades and then we, I mean, I've watched all these things grow and so the evolution of it has been remarkable.

It's actually how I have learned about the growth of AI in our country in a much more general macro way because I am flabbergasted at the amount of information that is now available at your fingertips in the blink of an eye through ESPN and IBM's program, even versus what there was when we started doing this a few years ago. Yeah, well, I mean, it's a good compliment because ESPN has so much information, so many experts, so much information printed, so much data, so many statistics that it actually almost creates an embarrassment of riches for people who are playing fantasy football.

So what we're doing is we're using technology to say, hey, ESPN, there's all this great data out there. You have all these great experts. Let us help boil that down and make sort of a digestible experience for a fantasy football manager as they set their lineup week to week or as they evaluate waiver wire pickups or trades. Well, with all that data, then, like you said, it seems like it's an embarrassment of riches, right? So that's a lot of work for y'all to do in order to boil it down. How's that impacting the fans? What are fans doing with all of this data and how is that changing their relationship with football but also with fantasy football?

So I'll just start with what, what we're doing specifically. When you think about your, your fantasy football lineup, there are ways. You know, there are injuries, there are by weeks, et cetera. So you're constantly having to shift it over the 17 or 18 weeks of the season. And there are a few ways to alter your, your roster. You can take someone off the bench, of course, and you want to know if they're likely to boom or bust. So what's next is helping to evaluate the boom and bust potential of players. So you can decide whether you're going to leave them on the bench or start them, but you can also pick up players through the waiver wire if there's a player on the waiver.

Well, is that wide receiver really better than who I've got on my team. I need some help with that, right? And so if we can boil down, you know, millions of pieces of data into a single waiver grade, right? And say, you know what? This wide receiver is an 89, and your average wide receiver grade is a 77. So this is a pretty good pickup, right? So that's what we started doing.

And this year, what's new is we're saying, here's why we're sort of opening that black box and using generative ai to identify the contributing factors. Here's why that person got an 89 grade, because they're facing this defense, because they've boomed the last three games, because, you know, whatever the reasons are. So it's actually, it's simplifying down to a grade, but then it's expanding and explaining itself through generative ai to fantasy manager. What they are doing is synthesizing an amount of information that is infinitely beyond anything my brain is capable of processing. And frankly, anyone's brain is capable of processing. The fascinating piece of this is they're not just looking at numbers that can be found in other places, but they are also synthesizing what people are saying. They're taking into account what's being written in the columns, in the local newspapers, on the websites, what people on talk shows like mine are saying. All those get sort of mixed into this extraordinary stew and outcome, the probabilities of boom and bust. And is this player a good pickup for this week?

But perhaps after that week, you're gonna wanna make another change. The amount of information that you can receive from this is endless and extraordinary. And the comparison I would make to it. You know, when I was young and I first learned to, about the stock market, I first learned what the stock market was. I thought, well, I really like this company, and I really like this brand of car, so I'm going to buy those stocks. And what I quickly realized was, I don't know what the entire rest of the world likes and is going to like. So the comparison I would make to that is you can play fantasy football just to have fun if you want to, and there's nothing wrong with that. And if you want to do that and just pick players that you like because they're on your team and you want to root for them, there's nothing wrong with that. But if you want to play competitively, if you want to win, just as is the case in the stock market, then you would be very, very foolish not to take into account as much data as you possibly can.

I think we were playing a couple of years ago with Eli Manning. When he learned that lesson, it was right after he retired and he drafted his former teammates and very quickly would drop to the bottom of our league. So he had to do some trades and waiver pickups. Those are hard lessons to learn, even for fans. Like, I started out, I'm a fan of the New York jets. So I started out, I said, I will not draft any New England Patriots, no matter what happens. And I took as many jets as I possibly could, and I had the worst team in the league our first year. And these are lessons you have to learn the hard way. Unless you listen to podcasts like this one and realize, oh, you're telling me that through Watson x there is an endless array of data?

Again, if you just want to play to have fun, there's nothing wrong with that. But if you really want to try to compete, if that is important to you, then there's just no way in the world you can do it if you're not using this kind of information and you're competing against people who are. And what's fantasy football without a little competition? A little friendly competition over here? Yeah. So, Green, you just said one thing that I just want to pick up on is the stock market. And I know that your example was sort of you with cars and stock prices, but it's fair to say that this is the same technology we're using for industries outside of sports and fantasy football. Right. It's basically, how do you make decisions? How do you synthesize vast amounts of data to make the best possible decision in any industry?

Because any business that you're running is going to require information. It's going to require decisions. So for you, is trusting the data versus trusting your gut always a better thing? Where were we sitting on that spectrum? The gut is a big problem. People who trust their gut are the ones who lose all the time. Here's what I will say. Let's line up ten people, okay? And five of them are going to play trusting the data, and the other five of them are going to play trusting their gut. And then you watch how that works out and then ask me that question again. And it's really as simple as that.

Look, moneyball, in some ways, is the predecessor of this. Or it's. They're from the same family, they're from the same tree. The teams themselves and the leagues themselves are using this information as well. It's don't. I mean, Darryl Morey, I think, is, who's the general manager now of the Philadelphia 76 ers. From Northwestern University, by the way, quick plug, my alma mater. But he was one of the first. He is credited as being one of the first to really bring a the analytics heavily into the NBA and the game has changed enormously.

I know we're talking about fantasy football, but if you remember what basketball looked like 20 years ago, they weren't shooting threes all the time. Now that's all you do because they've recognized that threes and layups. It just makes sense mathematically. The data suggests that you will win far more often doing that than you will win if you play the way the game had always been played. Spin that directly to this. You could play with your gut, and if you play over the course of a 17 week season, you'll win once. But you know, you can also, if you're playing blackjack, hit on 18 and you might win once, but that doesn't make it the right thing to do. The point I'm making is I strongly discourage the use of the gut in decision making when it comes to matters like this. Nine times out of ten, the gut will lose.

I want to dig into a little bit about the importance of the speed, like how quickly can all of this data get processed, and why is that a relevant thing when it comes to fantasy football? Because people have to make these decisions rather quickly. It's more relevant now than it has ever been. And I mean that quite literally for this coming season, as they are now going to start playing games on almost every day of the week. So it used to be there was a time where you could okay, I'll wait until Friday and I'll set my roster for this week because they're going to be games on Sunday and one on Monday night. Well, now we've added a Thursday night game every single week.

Now there are a bunch of games that are going to be played on Saturdays this year there are going to be Wednesday games. So this is information, injury updates, all those sorts of things. These are decisions that will have to be made almost in real time. Almost in real time. Football is not quite like basketball or baseball, where there are a game. There's a game literally every day, but there is almost a game every day of the week in the NFL this coming year. And there will be some weeks where there practically are. So that I think that the value of getting that data and information quickly has never been more significant than it will be for this upcoming season.

Right. And so stats don't update as quickly as natural language, right. Because there are pundits out there talking about, well, on Friday, this might happen, or this just happened, right? And so it's the ability to get into language and to understand how that language translates to data, translates to a decision factor. And that's what Watson X and Granite are helping to do in ESPN fantasy football. When we started this partnership in 2017, I didn't know what Genai was. I mean, I'm sure it existed somewhere, but not in my world.

So we were just focusing on boom and bust, right? Is this person going to exceed their projection or are they going to fall short? And we were using AI just for very simple decision making. Now, we are evaluating trades, which are complex exchanges of value, basically, and we are evaluating waiver pickups, and we're doing it in a personalized way. So it's not just that this wide receiver is great, this wide receiver is great for your team because your wide receivers are falling short. And so we think that's great, but greedy might have all great wide receivers, and that same wide receiver would get a 50 grade for him.

So it's personalization. It's the use of large language models like granite. It's the use of Watson X to explain why decisions and recommendations are being made. So, Brittany, I don't know if you have. It's all well beyond my ability to comprehend. I enjoy seeing the data. I use it. I've come to use it religiously. And at this point, I would never make a decision in our league or any league that I might play in without using Watson X.

But for the life of me, I couldn't explain to you how they do it. And in fact, I have many times met the gentleman who actually was responsible, or at least credited for having started all of this. And he's so smart that I can't even have a conversation with him. To be completely honest with you, if you've ever wanted to feel like the dumbest person in the room, have a conversation with him about the question you just asked.

I think he uses some of that smarts to just confuse you, too, if you're playing in a league. But he also won the league. I mean, that's the thing. Like, he's not, he's walking the walk. He's not just talking the talk.

He wins every year because he knows what he's doing. But all kidding aside, to go back to what I was thinking about when Elizabeth was saying that is, and in a real way, these are business deals that we're making, right? I mean, they are actually business transactions. A trade is like a business transaction. And you would never make a business transaction without taking into account all of the factors that are involved.

There's risk. There's. What's my high end success here? What's my low end risk here? What am I giving up? What am I getting back in return? What is the probability of this working out best for me? That's the information that you're getting. No one can tell you with certainty things that are going to happen.

If you knew that, then I wouldn't be sitting here. I'd be living on an island of my own ownership with all the watches that you want. You're playing a golf course that only I can play. But what you are getting is the most educated guessing possible. There is no more educated speculation that you can get literally anywhere else.

And why wouldn't you utilize that in any business transaction? Yeah, I mean, it's just massive amounts of data, and the data points to certain insights and certain conclusions. Of course they're going to go and play the game anyway just to see what happens. But going in sort of understanding all the variables really helps you to be in the best possible position. I'll give you another example that's a non fantasy example from an IBM perspective. We partner with Augusta national athlete Masters, and this year we had a feature called whole Insights and we were using Watson X to identify zones on the course and what usually happens when you land in the zone on the course, the odds of making birdie par bogey from certain locations.

Right. There is a lot of sort of feel in golf and sort of a lot of experience in golf. But we also heard from caddies, from players, from commentators that they were actually using our data to help them understand how the course might play, where to look for really exciting spots on the course, and outlooks for how the round on that particular day may play out. So it's a mix. It's a mix. It's art and science. It's wild to really see that mix happen in real time, too.

And then, as you mentioned, of course it impacts how the fans are looking at things. They are truly looking at the sheets. I'm just imagining being a player and having a discussion with coach and understanding that there's actual data behind. Now what I'm supposed to put into, like my gut and my impulse. What have you kind of heard from the player standpoint?

Oh, well, I mean, the players are very well aware of this and they have been ahead of this to at least some degree. So every coach has tendencies, if you're calling a defense now we're talking about the actual football coaches here, if you're, you're the opposing, you're Andy Reid, you're the coach of the Kansas City Chiefs and I'm the defensive coordinator of another team. And I know that on third and three or shorter your tendencies, the probability is you're going to do a and if it doesn't work, then you're going to check it to b.

And so I'm going to prepare myself for a and b. And those are things that they have been analyzing this kind of data with whatever they've had available to them for as long as these games have been played, and all of them are now. Every, every team in every sports league, including college, is using all of this data. I remember having a conversation with the football coach at Northwestern about this when I was trying to understand why it is, if you are down a certain amount of points in a game, that we made a decision to go for two on a touchdown when I did not think it made sense. And he explained to me, he went through all of the different probabilities.

This is just data that is being run that Elizabeth might be able to explain to you that I most certainly could not. But the data suggests that far more often than not, your best scenario is down 14 with x amount of time left, you go for the two. Now, your cognitive mind might say, I'm much safer kicking the extra point to kick two extra points, send the game to overtime. But the data says that if you play this out a thousand times or a million times, or perhaps Watson X could tell you a trillion times, you will win more times by going for the two than not. So. And almost all coaches do that.

Now, there used to be coaches who would coach by the gut, they used to call it. I mean, they used to say, I never read the book, coaching by the book. I don't coach by the book. I don't read by the book. Those guys don't last anymore. There are almost none of those anymore.

Data is making the decisions in team building, in game strategy every bit as much as it is in fantasy. Yeah. And so when you think those are coaches with years of experience, right. Fantasy football managers are people like me. Right. And I didn't play fantasy before we started this partnership, so I was relying very heavily on the data. Right.

So you have to think, you know, fantasy is for everyday people, and some of them are great sports experts and some of them are not. Right? But by unlocking the amount of data that people with years of experience have, you even the playing field a little bit. And you make it a lot more fun.

Can you give us a little bit of insight in terms of how IBM crunches all of this data as quickly as it does? We work with ESPN year round. It's really a partnership where we understand sort of what their need is. You know, people aren't trading enough. A fun league is an active league, and trading really drives activity and makes people want to come back for more and makes people want to set their lineups more.

I mean, it's not good for anybody if you don't set your lineup week to week and you're not actively playing. So that's how we ended up using technology for the trade analyzer, saying, okay, there's all this data out there. I would have to get into calculus terms that I have not thought about for years. But there is a team led by a distinguished engineer at IBM, and they basically have a number of algorithms to. To pull in the data from ESPN.

And again, I have to emphasize that unstructured data is really important. So that's language. It's not just stats. It's not just numbers and tables. It's what Greenie is saying on get up. It's what everyone else is saying on all of the other shows, and that's what's new. It's using large language models to then turn that into data that we can now express in plain language for people who are playing fantasy football.

And we can also express it in terms of numbers as well. So we use what's called a garage methodology, and we develop prototypes of the solution. And as the year goes on, we decide, okay, this is the one that's going to make a really good experience, and then we implement that every year. So it's really a year round process and starts with a business need or a fan or fantasy manager experience need that will differentiate ESPN. Well, Mike, hearing that, how does it feel to know that you're a part of the unstructured data that's being pulled on in? I be honest with you, that's maybe two years now that we've been doing that or so.

I mean, that's a relatively new phenomenon. Yeah. When I first learned that, I was really surprised. I mean, I was taken aback just at the ability to synthesize that. Think about how many words are being written and spoken every single day about sports in this country. It boggles the mind. And somehow Watson X is literally able to synthesize all of it.

And not only that, but weigh the value of some of it versus other of it. Well, that just have to interrupt you for 1 second. That's really important because it has to be trusted data. And so that's sort of the strength of what's next, right? It's trusted data that is, you know, we can't take in data that's not vetted or trusted, and then we have to govern that data. We have to watch it, and we have to make sure that it doesn't drift or start to hallucinate. There are humans involved to make sure that we're staying on track with the models throughout.

And Greeny happens to be a trusted source, so he's back in that trusted data pile. So I'll let you continue on. But I just had to. But more to the point, the people who are on my show are the ones that we trust. So I sit there and I'm surrounded every single day by two or three or four legitimate football experts, people who played the game, who understand the dynamics of things that are going on, that even the most avid fan. And here's the point about how this information factors in with the numbers.

Even someone who has access to all of the, the hard data, whatever one would describe all the statistics as someone who played the game will have an understanding of things to those people that those numbers may not tell. So that's why I was really fascinated that I could do that. And I think the value of it is overwhelming, and I can tell you how much more important it has become just from a content standpoint, which is the area that I specialize in.

So, I mean, I've been at ESPN for 28 years, and I started out anchoring sports centers. And I can tell you that in the late nineties, we had, I would say we devoted less than 1% of our content time to the coverage of the fantasy angle of sports, of any sport, much less football, but any sport. As this has evolved and as society, as I mentioned before, has evolved, we're now spending probably closer to 20% of our content is, is aimed in that direction, aimed at people who are, specifically people who are playing fantasy football. I'm talking about one out of every five words I speak on the air.

I'm thinking about that person, because that has become such an incredibly important part of the audience, and that's what these people are looking for. I have a philosophy that the job of a talk show host is not to create interest, it's to reflect it. So I'm not doing this because I want people to be interested in fantasy football and the information that you can get from Watson X. I'm doing it because those people are interested in it and that's what they want from shows like mine. Well, I'm gonna lean into something that I know that our listeners right now really want from this particular episode.

We're gonna play a little game of gut versus data. Mike, I want you to tell us how your gut thinks that your QB is gonna do this season. By my QB, obviously you mean Aaron Rodgers. Absolutely. Well, so Aaron Rogers is like a human madlib, right? Like he spent the off season like running for Vice president maybe, and then missed minicamp because he was in Egypt. Like these are. This is like you've just filled in a madlib and somehow came up with all of these. Having said all of that, now that the season is mercifully getting set to begin, if he is healthy, I think he is going to be terrific.

He has. And the jets have all of the things that are required for a quarterback to be successful. They should have an outstanding running game with a great running back in Breece hall who I think is going to go two or three or at latest four in most drafts.

They have a dynamic young star wide receiver in Garrett Wilson that I think he will have excellent chemistry with and other good weapons. They have a rebuilt and hopefully much better offensive line. And they also have a really good defense. The only thing about a defense, and this is where all the AI comes into play, is if your defense is really good, then sometimes your offense is a little bit more conservative because your defense isn't giving up as many points, so you're not going to throw as many passes. So all those things get factored in.

And this is why asking me my gut is not nearly as useful as asking Watson X because Watson X will take into account. Well, what if the jets have the best defense in the NFL, which is a real possibility? How will that impact? How many times a game Aaron Rodgers throws the ball, how many touchdowns he throws for, how much? They will just be looking to run out the clock in the second halves of these games. So that's, I think, a perfect example of where the gut might say one thing, oh, he's good, he's back, he's healthy. We got good players. We're going to be winning. Let's go. And Watson X may very well tell you all those factors actually suggest that while the jets will be good, Rogers numbers will not be nearly as good as those of another quarterback whose team may stink on ice, but because they're losing all the time, he's going to throw two meaningless touchdowns in the fourth quarter of every game, and you're going to wind up winning your fantasy matchup that week. So that's, again, another example of where the gut is, is really to be ignored.

Okay, so you just made this game really tough then, Mike, because I was hoping then that Elizabeth could represent the data. Right. But you are so in alignment with the data at this point point that you just checked your own gut. Well, I mean, my gut has never gotten me anywhere. I mean, there was one year, I mean, the legendary on the old show on Mike and Mike, which I used to host, we had this thing called the Kod. I was the kiss of death. And it came up because there was one year in the playoffs. There used to be ten NFL playoff games before the Super bowl.

There are now more. Cause they've added more wild cards. But in those days, there were ten NFL playoff games. And, you know, we would make predictions on them, and I went zero, 110 against the spread. I defy you to do that on purpose.

I defy anyone to go zero and ten against the spread through an entire NFL postseason. So if you listen to my gut, you deserve what you get. Well, this conversation has been just extraordinary. So thank you, Mike. Thank you, Elizabeth, for sharing your time with us today, for sharing your insights and everyone who's been listening and watching. Thank you for being here as well.

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