The video explores a fascinating trend among top company CEOs, highlighting a commonality: they are engineers. This shift marks a transitional phase where engineering degrees have become more prevalent among top executives than traditional MBAs. This change is evidenced by the Harvard Business Review, which reported in 2018 that more CEOs held engineering degrees than MBAs, reflecting the increasing value placed on technical knowledge in leadership roles.

It addresses the debate around the necessity of an MBA for aspiring CEOs, presenting opinions from influential figures like Elon Musk. Musk, who has not only succeeded in areas like electric cars and rockets but also taught himself engineering, critiques the conventional MBA route, suggesting that a focus on product innovation and problem-solving—traits inherent to engineering—can lead to business success.

Main takeaways from the video:

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Key Vocabularies and Common Phrases:

1. tradition [trəˈdɪʃən] - (noun) - The transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation. Common practices that are considered standard or usual. - Synonyms: (custom, practice, convention)

In his first email to employees as CEO, Nadella wrote: "Our industry does not respect tradition - it only respects innovation."

2. aspire [əˈspaɪər] - (verb) - Direct one's hopes or ambitions toward achieving something. - Synonyms: (aim, strive, pursue)

For those who aspire to be CEO of a company one day, getting an MBA... used to be the way to go.

3. innovation [ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən] - (noun) - The action or process of innovating; introducing new methods, ideas, or products. - Synonyms: (creativity, invention, originality)

   Ballmer has a degree in mathematics and economics  from Harvard which helped balance the books but didn't do much when it comes to innovation

4. perseverance [ˌpɜːrsɪˈvɪərəns] - (noun) - Persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. - Synonyms: (persistence, determination, tenacity)

The payoff for his perseverance was a multi-billion dollar company that bears his name.

5. conventional [kənˈvɛnʃənəl] - (adjective) - Based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed. - Synonyms: (traditional, standard, usual)

Musk, who has not only succeeded in areas like electric cars and rockets but also taught himself engineering, critiques the conventional MBA route.

6. revolutionary [ˌrɛvəˈluːʃənəri] - (adjective) - Involving or causing a complete or dramatic change. - Synonyms: (transformative, radical, innovative)

Its products were far from revolutionary.

7. scuttle [ˈskʌtəl] - (verb) - Deliberately cause a plan to fail. - Synonyms: (thwart, foil, ruin)

And they can help solve challenging technical problems that might otherwise scuttle their dreams.

8. explosive [ɪkˈspləʊsɪv] - (adjective) - Increasing suddenly or dramatically in size or extent. - Synonyms: (rapid, sudden, dramatic)

It's no surprise that engineers make it to the top of the tech industry which has seen explosive growth over the years.

9. analytical [ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl] - (adjective) - Relating to or using analysis or logical reasoning. - Synonyms: (logical, rational, systematic)

He wasn't after the right answer but wanted to see whether the candidate had an analytical approach...

10. prototype [ˈprəʊtəˌtaɪp] - (noun) - A first or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied. - Synonyms: (model, sample, exemplar)

So he decided to build a better vacuum himself. He spent 15 years tinkering with over 5,000 different prototypes...

Why So Many CEOs Are Engineers

There's one similarity between Amazon and Blue Origin CEO Jeff Bezos, Apple's Tim Cook, Alphabet's Sundar Pichai, AMD's Lisa Su, General Motors' Mary Barra and NVIDIA's Jensen Huang. These days, the heads of some of the most successful companies in the world have one thing in common. They're engineers. For those who aspire to be CEO of a company one day, getting an MBA - a Master of Business Administration degree - used to be the way to go. But that's not so true anymore. Harvard Business Review used to publish an annual list of the top 100 best-performing CEOs. In 2018, they found that for a second year in a row, there were more CEOs with an engineering degree than an MBA. 34 compared to 32. Some had both.

Getting an MBA can come with a hefty price tag. Top graduate schools such as the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton or Harvard Business School will set you back over $200,000. Now, some CEOs are telling you to save your money. Elon Musk went so far as to say, "I think there might be too many MBAs running companies" in an interview with the Wall Street Journal. He thinks those with business degrees spend too much time in board meetings pouring over power points and finances when their focus should be on the product. The thinking being that if the product is good the profits will follow. In the case of Musk that means building great electric cars at Tesla or great reusable rockets at SpaceX. That's where being an engineer is helpful.

Engineers can design, build, create, and improve their product because of their background in math, science, and technology. And they can help solve challenging technical problems that might otherwise scuttle their dreams. Technically, Musk has a degree in physics and economics not engineering. He's a self-taught engineer who read books to learn about rocket science. When engineering consultant Sandy Munro interviewed him for his YouTube channel Munro Live, he said it's Musk's knowledge that stands out. I was blown away. I've seen dozens of CEOs. I've never seen a CEO ever or a president that knew more about the product. That technical know-how that comes with an engineering background goes a long way toward building better products.

Just ask Satya Nadella, the engineer at Microsoft who rose to become CEO. When he took over the top job in 2014, he had to figure out a way to make Microsoft relevant as it faced an onslaught from Apple. We now need to make Microsoft thrive. The software company struggled to thrive under the leadership of his predecessor Steve Ballmer. Its products were far from revolutionary. The Surface was a response to the iPad, the Windows phone and answer to the iPhone.

Ballmer has a degree in mathematics and economics from Harvard which helped balance the books but didn't do much when it comes to innovation. When Nadella took over, he transformed Microsoft - moving its software to non-Windows devices. For example, bringing Microsoft Word to the iPad and the iPhone. He also expanded its cloud business Azure which has become the biggest rival to Amazon's AWS. In his first email to employees as CEO, Nadella wrote: "Our industry does not respect tradition - it only respects innovation." That innovative spirit of engineering saved Microsoft.

But it's not easy. It requires risky moves and not accepting failure. As American inventor Thomas Edison famously said: "I have not failed. I've only found 10,000 ways that won't work." James Dyson, the British engineer, knows a thing or two about not giving up. He became frustrated when a vacuum he had at home kept losing suction. So he decided to build a better vacuum himself. He spent 15 years tinkering with over 5,000 different prototypes to come up with the perfect bagless design. I'd like to give you a little demonstration. The payoff for his perseverance was a multi-billion dollar company that bears his name.

In order to be successful, Dyson was invested in the fine details of his company. Engineers aren't afraid to get involved in the day-to-day business - especially when it comes to hiring. Amazon is notorious for tough interviews. Bezos, who has a degree in electrical engineering and computer science, used to meet every candidate himself during Amazon's early days. He would ask quirky questions like: How many gas stations are there in America? He wasn't after the right answer but wanted to see whether the candidate had an analytical approach in order to come up with an informed response. Bezos once said setting the bar high for hiring was the most important factor for the online retailer's success.

It's no surprise that engineers make it to the top of the tech industry which has seen explosive growth over the years. But they're also doing well at non-tech companies. Like Jeffrey Sprecher, the CEO of the holding company that owns the New York Stock Exchange. He has a degree in chemical engineering. I've never had a job that had anything to do with chemistry but the discipline that I went through there taught me about problem-solving and business is really just that. Engineers are very good at solving problems and that's the key to doing everything from building a bridge across a river to designing a rocket to get to Mars.

If you've been inspired to become an engineer or simply want to learn more about the world, a good foundation in math and computer science is crucial.

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